错误事件

当 EventEmitter 实例中发生错误时，典型的操作是触发 'error' 事件。 这些在 Node.js 中被视为特殊情况。

When an error occurs within an EventEmitter instance, the typical action is for an 'error' event to be emitted. These are treated as special cases within Node.js.

If an EventEmitter does not have at least one listener registered for the 'error' event, and an 'error' event is emitted, the error is thrown, a stack trace is printed, and the Node.js process exits.

const myEmitter = new MyEmitter();
myEmitter.emit('error', new Error('whoops!'));
// Throws and crashes Node.js

To guard against crashing the Node.js process the domain module can be used. (Note, however, that the node:domain module is deprecated.)

As a best practice, listeners should always be added for the 'error' events.

const myEmitter = new MyEmitter();
myEmitter.on('error', (err) => {
  console.error('whoops! there was an error');
});
myEmitter.emit('error', new Error('whoops!'));
// Prints: whoops! there was an error

It is possible to monitor 'error' events without consuming the emitted error by installing a listener using the symbol events.errorMonitor.

import { EventEmitter, errorMonitor } from 'node:events';

const myEmitter = new EventEmitter();
myEmitter.on(errorMonitor, (err) => {
  MyMonitoringTool.log(err);
});
myEmitter.emit('error', new Error('whoops!'));
// Still throws and crashes Node.jsconst { EventEmitter, errorMonitor } = require('node:events');

const myEmitter = new EventEmitter();
myEmitter.on(errorMonitor, (err) => {
  MyMonitoringTool.log(err);
});
myEmitter.emit('error', new Error('whoops!'));
// Still throws and crashes Node.js